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Messageboard Archive Index, In The 00s - The Pop Culture Information Society

Welcome to the archived messages from In The 00s. This archive stretches back to 1998 in some instances, and contains a nearly complete record of all the messages posted to inthe00s.com. You will also find an archive of the messages from inthe70s.com, inthe80s.com, inthe90s.com and amiright.com before they were combined to form the inthe00s.com messageboard.

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Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:13 pm

1964 – Canyonlands National Park is designated as a National Park.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:13 pm

1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions)

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:13 pm

1970 – Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:14 pm

1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:14 pm

1974 – Juventude Africana Amilcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:14 pm

1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko is killed in police custody.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:14 pm

1979 – Indonesia is hit with an earthquake that measures 8.1 on the Richter scale.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:15 pm

1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:15 pm

1983 – The USSR vetoes a UN Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet shooting down of a Korean civilian jetliner on September 1.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:16 pm

1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 246, previously set by Herb Score in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:16 pm

1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula 2 days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:16 pm

1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:17 pm

1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:17 pm

1994 – Frank Eugene Corder crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing and killing himself.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:17 pm

1999 – Indonesia announces it will allow international peace-keepers into East Timor.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:17 pm

2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:18 pm

2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:18 pm

2003 – In Fallujah, US forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:18 pm

2005 – Hong Kong Disneyland opens in Penny's Bay, Lantau Island, Hong Kong.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/12/11 at 12:18 pm

2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: nally on 09/12/11 at 5:40 pm


2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people.

An accident I remember all too well. :\'( :\'( It all started with an engineer trying to text-message while operating the train and being unaware of a red signal.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 1:22 am

1541 – After three years of exile, John Calvin returned to Geneva to reform the church under a body of doctrine that came to be known as Calvinism.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 1:22 am

1848 – A large iron rod completely penetrated the skull of Phineas Gage (pictured); the resulting medical case was the first to indicate that damage to certain regions of the brain could affect personality and behavior.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 1:22 am


1848 – A large iron rod completely penetrated the skull of Phineas Gage (pictured); the resulting medical case was the first to indicate that damage to certain regions of the brain could affect personality and behavior.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Phineas_Gage_GageMillerPhoto2010-02-17_Unretouched_Color_Cropped.jpg/88px-Phineas_Gage_GageMillerPhoto2010-02-17_Unretouched_Color_Cropped.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 1:23 am

1933 – Elizabeth McCombs became the first woman elected to the Parliament of New Zealand.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 1:23 am

1971 – Following a failed coup attempt, Mao Zedong's second-in-command Lin Biao died in a plane crash while attempting to flee the People's Republic of China.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:49 am

585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:49 am

509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:49 am

122 – Construction of Hadrian's Wall begins.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:49 am

335 – Emperor Constantine the Great consecrated the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:49 am

533 – General Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium, near Carthage, North Africa.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:50 am


122 – Construction of Hadrian's Wall begins.

When was it before the first tea break was had?

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:50 am

1213 – End of Battle of Muret, during the Albigensian Crusade to destroy the Cathar heresy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:50 am

1229 – Ögedei Khan is proclaimed Khagan of the Mongol Empire in Kodoe Aral, Khentii: Mongolia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:50 am

1501 – Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:51 am


1501 – Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/David_von_Michelangelo.jpg/200px-David_von_Michelangelo.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:51 am

1504 – Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:51 am

1504 – Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:52 am

1584 – San Lorenzo del Escorial Palace in Madrid is finished.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:52 am

1609 – Henry Hudson reaches the river that would later be named after him – the Hudson River.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:52 am

1743 – Great Britain, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:52 am

1759 – Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:53 am

1782 – American Revolutionary War: Franco-Spanish troops launch the unsuccessful "grand assault" during the Great Siege of Gibraltar.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:53 am

1788 – The Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the first presidential election in the United States, and New York City becomes the country's temporary capital.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:53 am

1791 – King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:54 am

1808 – Finnish War: In the Battle of Jutas, Swedish forces under Lieutenant General Georg Carl von Döbeln beat the Russians, making von Döbeln a Swedish war hero.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:54 am

1812 – War of 1812: A supply wagon sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack at the Narrows.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:55 am

1814 – In a turning point in the War of 1812, the British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:55 am

1843 – The Greek Army rebels (OS date: September 3) against the autocratic rule of king Otto of Greece, demanding the granting of a constitution.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 11:55 am

1847 – Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:02 pm

1850 – First ascent of Piz Bernina, the highest summit of the eastern Alps.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:02 pm

1862 – American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:02 pm

1882 – The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1898 – Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1899 – Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1899 – Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199 m – 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1900 – Filipino resistance fighters defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1906 – First flight of a fixed-wing aircraft in Europe.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1914 – World War I: South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:03 pm

1914 – World War I: The Battle of Aisne begins between Germany and France.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:04 pm

1922 – The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 57.8 °C (136.0 °F).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:04 pm

1922 – The final act of the Greco-Turkish War, the Great Fire of Smyrna, commences.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:04 pm

1923 – Following a military coup in Spain, Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1935 – Rockslide near Whirlpool Rapids Bridge ends the International Railway (New York – Ontario).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1942 – World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Imperial Japanese Army with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1943 – The Municipal Theatre of Corfu is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by Luftwaffe.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1948 – Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1953 – Nikita Khrushchev is appointed secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:05 pm

1956 – The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:06 pm

1956 – IBM introduces the first computer disk storage unit, the RAMAC 305.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:07 pm


1956 – IBM introduces the first computer disk storage unit, the RAMAC 305.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/IBM_350_RAMAC.jpg/220px-IBM_350_RAMAC.jpg
RAMAC mechanism at Computer History Museum

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:07 pm

1964 – South Vietnamese Generals Lam Van Phat and Duong Van Duc fail in a coup attempt against General Nguyen Khanh.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:07 pm

1968 – Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:08 pm

1971 – State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:08 pm

1971 – People's Republic of China: Chairman Mao Zedong's second in command and successor Marshal Lin Biao flees the country via plane after the failure of alleged coup against Mao. The plane crashes in Mongolia, killing all aboard.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:08 pm

1979 – South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognised outside South Africa).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:08 pm

1987 – Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and causing some to die from radiation poisoning.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

1988 – Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere, later replaced by Hurricane Wilma in 2005 (based on barometric pressure).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

1989 – Largest anti-Apartheid march in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

1993 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin shakes hands with PLO chairman Yasser Arafat at the White House after signing the Oslo Accords granting limited Palestinian autonomy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

1994 – Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

2001 – Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the U.S. after the September 11, 2001 attacks.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:09 pm

2007 – The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is adopted by the United Nations General Assembly.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:10 pm

2008 – Delhi, India, is hit by a series of bomb blasts, resulting in 30 deaths and 130 injuries.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 12:10 pm

2008 – Hurricane Ike makes landfall on the Texas Gulf Coast of the United States, causing heavy damage to Galveston Island, Houston and surrounding areas.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 2:49 pm

1635 - The Massachusetts General Court banished Separatist preacher Roger Williams, 32, for criticizing the Massachusetts Bay Company charter and for perpetually advocating a separation of church and state.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 2:49 pm

1845 - William Walford's hymn, "Sweet Hour of Prayer," first appeared in print in the "New York Observer." Walford (1772-1850), a blind lay preacher, had written the poem three years earlier in the village of Coleshill, England.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 2:50 pm

1931 - Having recently suffered a nervous breakdown, Foursquare Gospel founder Aimee Semple McPherson, 40, entered an ill-fated marriage to David Hutton. (They divorced four years later.)

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 2:50 pm

1940 - The Southern Baptist General Convention of California was organized at Shafter by representatives of 14 congregations attending an associational meeting of the denomination.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/13/11 at 2:50 pm

1962 - Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'God, according to 2 Cor. 5:19, reconciled the world to himself, not himself to the world.'

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:24 am

1946 – Residents of the Faroe Islands narrowly approved a referendum on independence from Denmark.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:24 am

1954 – In a top secret nuclear test, a Soviet Tu-4 bomber dropped a 40-kiloton atomic weapon just north of Totskoye village, exposing some 45,000 soldiers and 10,000 civilians to nuclear fallout.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:24 am

1979 – Afghan President Nur Muhammad Taraki (pictured) was assassinated upon the order of Hafizullah Amin, who became the new president.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:25 am


1979 – Afghan President Nur Muhammad Taraki (pictured) was assassinated upon the order of Hafizullah Amin, who became the new president.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Noor_Mohammad_Taraki.jpg/73px-Noor_Mohammad_Taraki.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:25 am

1992 – The Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared the breakaway Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia to be illegal.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:25 am

2007 – Late-2000s financial crisis: The Northern Rock bank received a liquidity support facility from the Bank of England, sparking a bank run—the United Kingdom's first in 150 years.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:28 am

1741 - German composer George Frederick Handel, 56, finished composing his oratorio, "The Messiah." He wrote the score, start-to-finish, in only 24 days, subsisting primarily on coffee.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:29 am

1765 - Anglican clergyman and hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'How unspeakable are our obligations to the grace of God.'

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:29 am

1918 - The Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Wisconsin, Ohio and Other States was formed from the merger of several smaller synods. In 1930 this denomination merged with two other synods to form the American Lutheran Church (ALC).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:29 am

1927 - Bob Jones University opened in Greenville, South Carolina, and eighty-eight students registered for the first fall term.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/14/11 at 1:29 am

1975 - (Mother) Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton (1774-1821) was canonized by Pope Paul VI, making her the first native-born American citizen to become a saint in the Roman Catholic Church.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 12:50 am

668 – Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse, Italy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:05 am

921 – At Tetin Saint Ludmila is murdered at the command of her daughter-in-law.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:05 am

994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:06 am

1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:06 am

1556 – Departing from Vlissingen, ex-Holy Roman Emperor Charles V returns to Spain

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:06 am

1616 – The first non-aristocratic, free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:07 am

1644 – Giovanni Battista Pamphili was elected Pope Innocent X (pictured).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:07 am


1644 – Giovanni Battista Pamphili was elected Pope Innocent X (pictured).
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_-_Portrait_of_Innocent_X_-_WGA24443.jpg/82px-Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_-_Portrait_of_Innocent_X_-_WGA24443.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:09 am

1762 – Seven Years War: Battle of Signal Hill.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:09 am

1776 – American Revolutionary War: British forces land at Kip's Bay during the New York Campaign.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:10 am

1789 – The United States Department of State is established (formerly known as the "Department of Foreign Affairs").

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:10 am

1812 – The French army under Napoleon reaches the Kremlin in Moscow.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:10 am

1812 – War of 1812: A second supply train sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack at the Narrows.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:10 am

1816 – The HMS Whiting became wrecked on a shoal off the coast of Cornwall, England, that is so treacherous it is known as the Doom Bar.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:11 am

1820 – Constitutionalist revolution in Lisbon, Portugal.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:11 am

1821 – Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica jointly declare independence from Spain.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:11 am

1830 – The Liverpool to Manchester railway line opens.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:12 am

1831 – The locomotive John Bull operates for the first time in New Jersey on the Camden and Amboy Railroad.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:12 am

1835 – HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin aboard, reaches the Galápagos Islands.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:12 am

1851 – Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:12 am

1862 – American Civil War: Confederate forces capture Harpers Ferry, Virginia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:13 am

1873 – Franco-Prussian War: The last German troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:13 am

1894 – First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats China in the Battle of Pyongyang.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:13 am

1916 – World War I: Tanks are used for the first time in battle, at the Battle of the Somme.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:14 am

1935 – The Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:16 am

1935 – Nazi Germany adopts a new national flag with the swastika.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:16 am

1940 – World War II: The climax of the Battle of Britain, when the Royal Air Force shoots down large numbers of Luftwaffe aircraft.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:16 am

1942 – World War II: U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp is torpedoed at Guadalcanal.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:17 am

1944 – World War II: American and Australian forces landed on the Japanese-occupied island of Morotai, starting the Battle of Morotai.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:17 am

1944 – Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill meet in Quebec as part of the Octagon Conference to discuss strategy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:18 am

1944 – Battle of Peleliu begins as the United States Marine Corps' 1st Marine Division and the United States Army's 81st Infantry Division hit White and Orange beaches under heavy fire from Japanese infantry and artillery.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:18 am

1945 – A hurricane in southern Florida and the Bahamas destroys 366 planes and 25 blimps at NAS Richmond.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:19 am

1947 – RCA releases the 12AX7 vacuum tube.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:19 am

1947 – Typhoon Kathleen hit the Kanto Region in Japan killing 1,077.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:20 am

1948 – The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record at 671 miles per hour (1,080 km/h).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:20 am

1950 – Korean War: United States forces land at Inchon

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:20 am

1952 – United Nations gives Eritrea to Ethiopia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:20 am

1958 – A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 58.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:21 am

1959 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:21 am

1961 – Hurricane Carla strikes Texas with winds of 175 miles per hour.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:22 am

1962 – The Soviet ship Poltava heads toward Cuba, one of the events that sets into motion the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:22 am

1963 – The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing: Four children killed at an African-American church in Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:22 am

1966 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:23 am

1968 – The Soviet Zond 5 spaceship is launched, becoming the first spacecraft to fly around the Moon and re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:23 am

1972 – A Scandinavian Airlines System domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm is hijacked and flown to Malmö-Bulltofta Airport.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:23 am

1974 – Air Vietnam flight 727 is hijacked, then crashes while attempting to land with 75 on board.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:23 am

1975 – The French département of Corse (the entire island of Corsica) is divided into two: Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:24 am

1981 – The Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:24 am

1981 – The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world when the Smithsonian Institution operates it under its own power outside Washington, D.C.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:24 am

1981 – Vanuatu becomes a member of the United Nations.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:26 am

1983 – Israeli premier Menachem Begin resigns.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:26 am

1987 – United States Secretary of State George Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze sign a treaty to establish centers to reduce the risk of nuclear war.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:26 am

1990 – France announces it will send 4,000 troops to the Persian Gulf.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:26 am

1993 – Liechtenstein Prince Hans-Adam II disbands Parliament

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:27 am

1998 – With the landmark merger of WorldCom and MCI Communications completed the day prior, the new MCI WorldCom opens its doors for business.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:27 am

2004 – National Hockey League commissioner Gary Bettman announces lockout of the players union and cessation of operations by the NHL head office.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 1:27 am

2008 – Lehman Brothers files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the largest bankruptcy filing in U.S. history.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 3:18 am

1648 - The Larger and the Shorter Catechisms -- both prepared by the Westminster Assembly the previous year -- were approved by the British Parliament. These two documents have been in regular use among various Presbyterians, Congregationalists and Baptists ever since.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 3:18 am

1770 - English founder of Methodism John Wesley wrote in a letter: 'To use the grace given is the certain way to obtain more grace. To use all the faith you have will bring an increase of faith.'

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 3:18 am

1853 - In her home state of New York, Antoinette L. Brown, 28, became pastor of the Congregational church in South Butler -- making her the first woman to be formally ordained to the pastorate in the United States.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 3:18 am

1920 - Pope Benedict XV published the encyclical "Spiritus paraclitus," which restated the Catholic position on Scripture: '...the Bible, composed by men inspired of the Holy Ghost, has God himself as its principal author, the individual authors constituted as his live instruments. Their activity, however, ought not be described as automatic writing.'

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 3:19 am

1966 - The American Bible Society published the New Testament of its "Today's English Version" (TEV), otherwise known as "Good News for Modern Man." It marked the end of a two-year effort led by chief translator, Robert G. Bratcher. (The complete Good News Bible was published in 1976.)

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 9:56 am

1964 - The Sun newspaper is published today for the first time. It replaced the Daily Herald.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 9:57 am

1985 - Tony Jacklin's team of golfers beats the United States in the Ryder Cup for the first time in 28 years after dominating the final day of the competition.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 9:59 am

2000 - Opening ceremony of the XXVII Olympics in Sydney, Australia

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 9:59 am

1998 - With the landmark merger of WorldCom and MCI Communications completed the day prior, the new MCI WorldCom opens its doors for business.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:00 am

1988 - "Les Miserables," opens at Raimund Theatre, Vienna

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:01 am

1986 - 1st broadcast of "LA Law" on NBC-TV

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:02 am

1982 - 1st issue of "USA Today" published by Gannett Co Inc

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:02 am

1978 - Muhammad Ali beats Leon Spinks in 15 for heavyweight boxing title

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:09 am

1975 - Mike Vail extends hitting streak ton rookie-record 23 straight game

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:09 am

1971 - First broadcast of "Columbo" on NBC-TV

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:10 am

1964 - Beatles play at Public Auditorium in Cleveland

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:10 am

1965 - "Lost in Space" premieres

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/15/11 at 10:14 am

1961 - 61st US Golf Amateur Championship won by Jack Nicklaus

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:00 am

307 – Severus II is captured and imprisoned at Tres Tabernae. He is later executed (or forced to commit suicide) after Emperor Galerius unsuccessfully invades Italy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:01 am

1400 – Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:01 am

1620 – The Mayflower starts her voyage to North America

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:01 am


1620 – The Mayflower starts her voyage to North America
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/MayflowerHarbor.jpg/300px-MayflowerHarbor.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:02 am

1701 – James Francis Edward Stuart, sometimes called the "Old Pretender", becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:02 am

1776 – American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Harlem Heights is fought.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:02 am

1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Franco-American Siege of Savannah begins.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:02 am

1795 – The first occupation by United Kingdom of Cape Colony, South Africa with the Battle of Hout Bay, after successive victories at the Battle of Muizenberg and Wynberg, after William V requested protection against revolutionary France's occupation of the Netherlands.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:02 am

1810 – Miguel Hidalgo, the parish priest in Dolores, Guanajuato, delivered the Grito de Dolores to his congregation, instigating the Mexican War of Independence against Spain.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:03 am

1812 – The Fire of Moscow (1812) begins shortly after midnight and destroys three quarters of the city days later.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:03 am

1863 – Robert College of Istanbul-Turkey, the first American educational institution outside the United States, is founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:03 am

1880 – The Cornell Daily Sun prints its first issue in Ithaca, New York. The Sun is the nation's oldest, continuously-independent college daily in the United States.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:04 am

1893 – Settlers make a land run for prime land in the Cherokee Strip in Oklahoma.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:04 am

1908 – The General Motors Corporation is founded.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:04 am

1919 – The American Legion is incorporated.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:04 am

1920 – A bomb in a horse wagon exploded in front of the J. P. Morgan building in New York City, killing 38 people and injuring 400 others.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:05 am

1920 – The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J. P. Morgan building in New York City – 38 are killed and 400 injured.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:05 am

1941 – World War II: Concerned that Reza Pahlavi the Shah of Persia is about to ally his petroleum-rich empire with Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union invade Iran in late August and force the Shah to abdicate in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:06 am

1943 – World War II: Heinrich von Vietinghoff, commander of the German 10th Army, decided to withdraw his troops from Salerno, concluding the Allied invasion of Italy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:06 am

1945 – World War II: The surrender of the Japanese troops in Hong Kong. The surrender is accepted by the Royal Navy Admiral Sir Cecil Harcourt.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:06 am

1947 – Typhoon Kathleen hits Saitama, Tokyo and Tone River area, at least 1,930 killed.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:07 am

1955 – Juan Perón is deposed as the ruler of Argentina.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:08 am


1955 – Juan Perón is deposed as the ruler of Argentina.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Peron_tomando_un_caf%C3%A9.jpg/220px-Peron_tomando_un_caf%C3%A9.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:08 am

1959 – The first successful photocopier, the Xerox 914, is introduced in a demonstration on live television from New York City.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:09 am


1959 – The first successful photocopier, the Xerox 914, is introduced in a demonstration on live television from New York City.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Xerox_914.jpg/220px-Xerox_914.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:09 am


1959 – The first successful photocopier, the Xerox 914, is introduced in a demonstration on live television from New York City.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/Xerox_914.jpg/220px-Xerox_914.jpg
They don't make them like anymore!

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:10 am

1961 – The United States National Hurricane Research Project drops eight cylinders of silver iodide into the eyewall of Hurricane Esther. Wind speed reduces by 10%, giving rise to Project Stormfury.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:10 am

1963 – Malaysia is formed from the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. However, Singapore soon leaves this new country,

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:10 am

1966 – The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City with the world premiere of Samuel Barber's opera, Antony and Cleopatra.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:11 am

1970 – King Hussein of Jordan declares military rule following the hijacking of four civilian airliners by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). This results in the formation of the Black September Palestinian paramilitary unit.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:11 am

1971 – Typhoon Nancy, with possibly the strongest winds ever measured in a tropical cyclone, makes landfall in Osaka, Japan, killing 173 people.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:12 am

1975 – Papua New Guinea gains its independence from Australia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:12 am

1975 – The Cape Verde Islands, Mozambique, and Sao Tome and Principe join the United Nations.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:12 am

1975 – The first prototype of the MiG-31 interceptor makes its maiden flight.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:13 am


1975 – The first prototype of the MiG-31 interceptor makes its maiden flight.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-31E_at_MAKS_2005.jpg/300px-Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-31E_at_MAKS_2005.jpg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:13 am

1976 – Shavarsh Karapetyan saves 20 people from the trolleybus that had fallen into Erevan reservoir.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:13 am

1978 – An earthquake measuring 7.5 to 7.9 on the Richter scale hits the city of Tabas, Iran killing about 25,000 people.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:13 am

1980 – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines join the United Nations.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:14 am

1982 – Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:14 am

1987 – The Montreal Protocol is signed to protect the ozone layer from depletion.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:14 am

1990 – Construction of the Northern Xinjiang Railway was completed between Ürümqi and Alashankou, linking the railway lines of China and Kazakhstan, and adding a sizable portion to the Eurasian Land Bridge.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:14 am

1991 – The trial of the deposed Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega begins in the United States.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:16 am

1992 – The British pound (£5 gold coin pictured) was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism on Black Wednesday, and suffered a major devaluation.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:16 am


1992 – The British pound (£5 gold coin pictured) was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism on Black Wednesday, and suffered a major devaluation.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/GoldFivePound1839.jpeg/100px-GoldFivePound1839.jpeg

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:16 am


1992 – The British pound (£5 gold coin pictured) was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism on Black Wednesday, and suffered a major devaluation.
I never got one!

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:17 am

2005 – The Camorra organized crime boss Paolo Di Lauro gets arrested in Naples, Italy.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:17 am

2007 – One-Two-GO Airlines Flight 269 carrying 128 crew and passengers crashes in Thailand killing 89 people.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 2:18 am

2007 – Mercenaries working for Blackwater Worldwide allegedly shoot and kill 17 Iraqi civilians in Nisour Square, Baghdad; all criminal charges against them are later dismissed, sparking outrage in the Arab world.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 4:50 am

1224 - During an extended period of prayer and fasting, St. Francis of Assisi, 42, received the stigmata (crucifixion scars of Christ) on Mount Alvernia, in Italy. Francis, the founder of the Franciscans in 1209, has been called by some the greatest of all the Christian saints.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 4:50 am

1620 - The "Mayflower" set sail from Plymouth, England, bound for the New World. On board were 48 crew members and 101 colonists (including 35 Separatists from Leiden, Holland, known afterward as the Pilgrims). During the three-month voyage, two passengers died and two babies were born.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 4:50 am

1840 - Scottish pastor Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'Grace fills us with very different feelings from the possession of anything else. If you have tasted the grace of the Gospel, the irresistible longing of your hearts will be, "Oh, that all the world might taste its regenerating waters."'

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 4:50 am

1906 - Birth of J.B. Phillips, Anglican clergyman. Ordained in 1930, he wrote "Your God is Too Small" (1951), but is better remembered for his biblical paraphrase, "The New Testament in Modern English," first published in 1958.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/16/11 at 4:51 am

1976 - In Minneapolis, the 65th Triennial General Convention of the Episcopal Church officially approved ordination of women to the priesthood.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:13 am

1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia".

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:14 am

1176 – Byzantine–Seljuk wars: The Seljuk Turks prevented the Byzantines from taking the interior of Anatolia at the Battle of Myriokephalon in Phrygia.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:15 am

1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:15 am

1462 – The Battle of Świecino (also known as the Battle of Żarnowiec) is fought during Thirteen Years' War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:15 am

1577 – The Peace of Bergerac is signed between Henry III of France and the Huguenots.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:15 am

1630 – Puritans of Massachusetts Bay Colony founded the city of Boston.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:19 am

1631 – Sweden wins a major victory at the Battle of Breitenfeld against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:20 am

1683 – Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society describing "animalcules": the first known description of protozoa.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:20 am

1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Invasion of Canada begins with the Siege of Fort St. Jean.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:20 am

1776 – The Presidio of San Francisco is founded in New Spain.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:20 am

1778 – The Treaty of Fort Pitt is signed. It is the first formal treaty between the United States and a Native American tribe (the Lenape or Delaware Indians).

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:20 am

1787 – The United States Constitution is signed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:23 am

1809 – Peace between Sweden and Russia in the Finnish War. The territory to become Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:24 am

1814 – Francis Scott Key finishes his poem "Defence of Fort McHenry", later to be the lyrics of "The Star-Spangled Banner"..

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:26 am

1859 – Joshua A. Norton declares himself "Emperor Norton I" of the United States.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:26 am

1862 – American Civil War: George B. McClellan halts the northward drive of Robert E. Lee's Confederate army in the single-day Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day in American history.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:26 am

1862 – American Civil War: The Allegheny Arsenal explosion results in the single largest civilian disaster during the war.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:27 am

1894 – The Battle of Yalu River, the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:28 am

1900 – Philippine-American War: Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeat Americans under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham at Mabitac.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:28 am

1908 – The Wright Flyer flown by Orville Wright, with Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge as passenger, crashes killing Selfridge. He becomes the first airplane fatality.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:28 am

1914 – Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.

Subject: Re: Today in History....

Written By: Philip Eno on 09/17/11 at 5:28 am

1916 – World War I: Manfred von Richthofen ("The Red Baron"), a flying ace of the German Luftstreitkräfte, wins his first aerial combat near Cambrai, France.

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